Transfusion associated circulatory overload (TACO): Significance of appropriate pre-transfusion risk assessment to prevent fatal health outcomes

Madam, Transfusion of blood products is a life rescuing medical intermediation; however, associated adverse transfusion reactions are major pitfalls. Transfusion-associated circulatory overload (TACO) life-threatening pulmonary oedema that develops secondary to volume overload. Underlying precipitating factors include ages >60 years or <3 years, low body mass index (BMI), rapid rate and pre-existing conditions such as heart disease, renal failure, lung disease albumin levels. Sign Symptoms dyspnoea, tachypnoea, tachycardia, hypoxia, raised jugular venous pressure, broad pulse pressure hypertension, appears during either six hours posttransfusion [1]. TACO should be discriminated from transfusion-related acute injury (TRALI) by high arterial >18mmHg, brain natriuretic peptide levels (>1200pg/ml) response diuretics. Management includes immediate discontinuation transfusion, diuretics, supplementary oxygen, assisted ventilation if indicated [2]. Serious Hazards (SHOT) in 2018 reported the most typical reason for deaths. Over period 11 (2007-2018), overall cases one hundred ten, including increase mortality five significant morbidity three thirty-six [3]. Interestingly, timely appropriate preventive actions can reduce this severe reaction zero. A precise risk assessment before recommended SHOT elimination, especially patient has underlying factors. Preventive strategies predisposed patients reviewing need deferring until issue resolved, transfuse according weight, measure fluid balance, consider prophylactic diuretic, slow monitoring vital signs oxygen saturation. Thus, serious but avoidable reaction. Appropriate prior every important ensure safe practice. Continuous...